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2010 – Present
Activation of Retinal Ganglion Cells using a Biomimetic Artificial Retina. J. A. Greco, N. L. Wagner, R. J. Jensen, D. B. Lawrence, M. J. Ranaghan, M. N. Sandberg, D. J. Sandberg, and R. R. Birge. (2021) J. Neural Eng. 18, 066027
Tunable Photocycle Kinetics of a Hybrid Bacteriorhodopsin/Quantum Dot System. T. J. Wax, J. A. Greco, S. Chen, N. L. Wagner, J. Zhao, and R. R. Birge. (2019) Nano Res. 12, 365-373
Light Harvesting by Equally Contributing Mechanisms in a Photosynthetic Antenna Protein. M. J. Guberman-Pfeffer, J. A. Greco, R. R. Birge, H. A. Frank, and J. A. Gascon. (2018) J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 9, 563-568
The Forbidden 11Bu– Excited Singlet State of Peridinin and Peridinin Analogues. J. A. Greco, N. L. Wagner, H. A. Frank, and R. R. Birge. (2018) J. Phys. Chem. A 122, 130-139
Purification and Characterization of RhoGC, a Retinylidene/Guanylyl Cyclase Fusion Protein from Blastocladiella emersonii. M. M. Trieu, E. L. Devine, L. B. Lamarche, A. E. Ammerman, J. A. Greco, R. R. Birge, D. L. Theobald, and D. D. Oprian. (2017) J. Biol. Chem. 292, 10379-10389
Pixel Characterization of a Protein-Based Retinal Implant Using a Microfabricated Sensor Array. J. A. Greco, L. A. L. Fernandes, N. L. Wagner, M. Azadmehr, P. Hӓfliger, E. A. Johannessen, and R. R. Birge. (2017) Int. J. High Speed Electron. Syst. 26, 1740012-1-1740012-20
Bacteriochlorins with a Twist: Discovery of a Unique Mechanism to Red-shift the Optical Spectra of Bacteriochlorins. M. J. Guberman-Pfeffer, J. A. Greco, L. P. Samankumara, M. Zeller, R. R. Birge, J. A. Gascon, and C. Bruckner. (2017) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 548-560
Spectroscopic Investigation of the Carotenoid Deoxyperidinin: Direct Observation of the Forbidden S0 to S1 Transition. J. A. Greco, A. M. LaFountain, S. Katsumura, N. M. Magdaong, D. M. Niedzwiedzki, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank. (2016) J. Phys. Chem. B 120, 2731-2744
Spectroscopic Investigation of a Brightly Colored Psittacofulvin Pigment from Parrot Feathers. A. František, J. A. Greco, A. M. LaFountain, N. M. Magdaong, M. Fuciman, R. R. Birge, T. Polivka, and H. A. Frank. (2016) Chem. Phys. Lett. 648, 195-199
Effects of Strong Electronic Coupling in Chlorin and Bacteriochlorin Dyads. H. S. Kang, N. N. Esemoto, J. R. Diers, D. M. Niedzwiedzki, J. A. Greco, J. Akhigbe, Z. Yu, C. Pancholi, G. V. Bhagvathy, J. K. Nguyen, C. Kirmaier, R. R. Birge, M. Ptaszek, D. Holten, and D. F. Bocian. (2016) J. Phys. Chem. A 120, 379-395
Two-Photon Spectroscopy of the Q-Bands of meso-Tetraphenyl-Porphyrin and –Chlorin Framework Derivatives. J. A. Greco, S. Shima, N. L. Wagner, J. R. McCarthy, K. Atticks, C. Bruckner, and R. R. Birge. (2015) J. Phys. Chem. C 119, 3711-3724
Low-Temperature Trapping of Photointermediates of the Rhodopsin E181Q Mutant. M. N. Sandberg, J. A. Greco, N. L. Wagner, T. L. Amora, L. A. Ramos, M.-H. Chen, B. E. Knox, and R. R. Birge (2014) SOJ Biochem. 1, 1-12
High Efficiency Light-Harvesting by Carotenoids in the LH2 Complex from Photosynthetic Bacteria: Unique Adaptation to Growth Under Low-Light Conditions. N. M. Magdaong, A. M. LaFountain, J. A. Greco, A. T. Gardiner, A.-M. Carey, R. J. Cogdell, G. N. Gibson, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank (2014) J. Phys. Chem. B 118, 11172-11189
Diels-Alder Polysulfones as Dielectric Materials: Computational Guidance and Synthesis. R. G. Lorenzini, J. A. Greco, R. R. Birge, and G. A. Sotzing (2014) Polymer 55, 3573-3578
A Spectroscopic and Theoretical Investigation of a Free-Base meso-Trithienylcorrole. J. A. Greco, A. Rossi, R. R. Birge, and C. Bruckner (2014) Photochem. Photobiol. 90, 402-414
Photochromic Bacteriorhodopsin Mutant with High Holographic Efficiency and Enhanced Stability via a Putative Self-Repair Mechanism. M. J. Ranaghan, J. A. Greco, N. L. Wagner, R. Grewal, R. Rangarajan, J. Koscielecki, K. Wise, and R. R. Birge (2014) ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, 2799-2808
Excited States Properties of a Short π-Electron Conjugated Peridinin Analogue. N. M. Magdaong, D. M. Niedzwiedzki, J. A. Greco, H. Liu, K. Yano, T. Kajikawa, K. Sakaguchi, S. Katsumura, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank. (2014) Chem. Phys. Lett. 593, 132-139
Directed Evolution of Bacteriorhodopsin for Applications in Bioelectronics. N. L. Wagner, J. A. Greco, M. J. Ranaghan, and R. R. Birge. (2013) J. R. Soc. Interface 10, 20130197
Nature of the ICT State in Peridinin. N. L. Wagner, J. A. Greco, M. M. Enriquez, H. A. Frank, and R. R. Birge. (2013) Biophys. J.104, 1314-1325
Energetics and Dynamics of the Low-Lying Electronic States of Constrained Polyenes: Implications for Infinite Polyenes. R. L. Christensen, M. M. Enriquez, N. L. Wagner, A. Y. Peacock-Villada, C. Scriban, R. R. Schrock, T. Polivka, H. A. Frank, and R. R. Birge (2013) J. Phys. Chem A 117, 1449-1465
Visual Resotoration Using Microbial Rhodopsins. N. L. Wagner, J. A. Greco, and R. R. Birge, in Bionanotechnology: Biological Self-Assembly and Its Applications, B. H. A. Rehm, ed. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, United Kingdom (2013), pp. 205-240.
Effect of Molecular Symmetry on the Spectra and Dynamics of the Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) State of Peridinin. M. M. Enriquez, S. Hananoki, S. Hasegawa, T. Kajikawa, S. Katsumura, N. L. Wagner, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank (2012) J. Phys. Chem B 116, 10748-10756
meso-Arylporpholactones and their Reduction Products. C. Bruckner, J. Ogikubo, J. R. McCarthy, J. Akhigbe, M. A. Hyland, P. Daddario, J. L. Worlinsky, M. Zeller, J. T. Engle, C. J. Ziegler, M. J. Ranaghan, M. N. Sandberg, and R. R. Birge (2012) J. Org. Chem. 77, 6480-6494
Biomolecular Electronics and Protein-Based Optical Computing. J. A. Greco, N. L. Wagner, M. J. Ranaghan, S. Rajasekaran, and R. R. Birge, in Biomolecular Information Processing: From Logic Systems to Smart Sensors and Actuators, E. Katz, ed. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany (2012), pp. 33-59.
Rapid Release of Retinal from a Cone Pigment following Photoactivation. M-. H. Chen, C. Kuemmel, R. R. Birge, and B. E. Knox (2012) Biochem. 51, 4117-4125
Optical Applications of Biomolecules. M. J. Ranaghan, N. L. Wagner, M. N. Sandberg, and R. R. Birge, in Optical biomimetics: Materials and applications, M. Large, ed. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, United Kingdom (2012)
MNDO-PSDCI Theory and the Excited States of Biological Chromophores. D. J. Sandberg, N. L. Wagner, M. N. Sandberg, J. M. Crowley, and R. R. Birge, in Comprehensive Biophysics, E. Egelman, ed. Academic Press, (2012)
Green Proteorhodopsin Reconstituted into Nanoscale Phospholipid Bilayers (Nanodiscs) as Photoactive Monomers. M. J. Ranaghan, C. T. Schwall, N. N. Alder, and R. R. Birge (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 18318-18327
Conserved Residues in the Extracellular Loops of Short-Wavelength Cone Visual Pigments. M.-H. Chen, D. J. Sandberg, K. R. Babu, J. Bubis, A. Surya, L. S. Ramos, H. J. Zapata, J. F. Galan, M. N. Sandberg, R. R. Birge, B. E. Knox (2011) Biochemistry 50, 6763-6773
Glutamic Acid 181 Is Negatively Charged in the Bathorhodopsin Photointermediate of Visual Rhodopsin. M. N. Sandberg, T. L. Amora, L. S. Ramos, M.-H. Chen, B. E. Knox, and R. R. Birge (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 2208-2211
Femtosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopic Study of a Carbonyl-Containing Carotenoid Analogue, 2-(all-trans-Retinylidene)-indan-1,3-dione. T. Kusumoto, D. Kosumi, C. Uragami, H. A. Frank, R. R. Birge, R. J. Cogdell, and H. Hashimoto (2011) J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 2110-2119
Photochemical and Thermal Stability of Green and Blue Proteorhodopsins: Implications for Application in Protein-Based Devices. M. J. Ranaghan, S. Shima, L. Ramos, D. S. Poulin, G. Whited, S. Rajasekaran, J. A. Stuart, A. D. Albert, R. R. Birge (2010) J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 14064-14070
The intramolecular charge transfer state in carbonyl-containing polyenes and carotenoids. M. M. Enriquez, M. Fuciman, A. M. LaFountain, N. L. Wagner, R. R. Birge, H. A. Frank (2010) J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 12416-12426
Excited-State Photodynamics of Perylene-Porphyrin Dyads. 5. Tuning Light-Harvesting Characteristics via Perylene Substituents, Connection Motif, and Three-Dimensional Architecture, C. Kirmaier, H. E. Song, E. Yang, J. K. Schwartz, E. Hindin, J. R. Diers, R. S. Loewe, K. Y. Tomizaki, F. Chevalier, L. Ramos, R. R. Birge, J. S. Lindsey, D. F. Bocian, D. Holten (2010) J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 14249-14264
Stark absorption spectroscopy of peridinin and allene-modified analogues. T. Kusumoto, T. Horibe, T. Kajikawa, S. Hasegawa, T. Iwashita, R. J. Cogdell, R. R. Birge, H. A. Frank, S. Katsumura, H. Hashimoto (2010) Chem. Phys. 373, 71-79
2000 – 2009
Ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy of geometric isomers of carotenoids. D. M. Niedzwiedzki, D. J. Sandberg, H. Cong, M. N. Sandberg, G. N. Gibson, R. R. Birge, H. A. Frank (2009) Chem. Phys. 357, 4-16 
Identification of a single peridinin sensing Chl-a excitation in reconstituted PCP by crystallography
and spectroscopy. T. Schulte, D. M. Niedzwiedzkib, R. R. Birge, R. G. Hiller, T. Polívka, E. Hofmann, and H. A. Frank (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 20764 –20769
The Charge-Transfer Properties of the S2 State of Fucoxanthin in Solution and in Fucoxanthin Chlorophyll-a/c2 Protein (FCP) Based on Stark Spectroscopy and Molecular-Orbital Theory, L. Premvardhan, D. J. Sandberg, H. Fey, R. R. Birge, C. Bchel and R. van Grondelle (2008) J. Chem. Phys. B 112, 11838–11853
Spectral Tuning of Deep Red Cone Pigments, T. L. Amora, L. S. Ramos, J. F. Galan, and R. R. Birge (2008) Biochem. 47, 4614-4620
Evaluation of Blue and Green Absorbing Proteorhodopsins as Holographic Materials, B. Xi, W. C. Tetley, D. L. Marcy, C. Zhong, G. Whited, R. R. Birge, and J. A. Stuart (2008) J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 2524-2529
Mechanism of Spectral Tuning in Green-Absorbing Proteorhodopsin, R. Rangarahan, J. F. Galan, G. Whited and R.R. Birge (2007) Biochem. 46, 12679-12686
Response to comment on Coherent "Control of Retinal Isomerization in Bacteriorhodopsin", V. I. Prokhorenko, A. M. Nagy, S. A. Waschuk, L. S. Brown, R. R. Birge, and R. J. Miller (2007) Science 317 (5837), 453C
Cation radicals of xanthophylls, M. G. I. Galinato, D. Niedzwiedzki, C. Deal, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank (2007) Photosynth. Res. 94, 67-78
Regulation of Photoactivation in Vertebrate Short Wavelength Visual Pigments: Protonation of the Retinylidene Schiff Base and a Counterion Switch, L. S. Ramos, M. H. Chen, B. E. Knox, and R. R. Birge, (2007) Biochem. 46, 5330-5340
Coherent Control of Retinal Isomerization in Bacteriorhodopsin, V. I. Prokhorenko, A. M. Nagy, S. A. Waschuk, L. S. Brown, R. R. Birge, and R. J. Miller (2006) Science 313 (5791), 1257-1261
Femtosecond Time-Resolved Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of Xanthophylls, D. M. Niedzwiedzki, J. O. Sullivan, T. Polívka, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank, (2006) J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (45), 22872-22885
Femtosecond Time-Resolved Absorption Spectroscopy of Main-Form and High-Salt Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Proteins at Low Temperatures, R. P. Ilagan, J. F. Koscielecki, R. G. Hiller, F. P. Sharples, G. N. Gibson, R. R. Birge, and H. A. Frank (2006) Biochem. 45 (47), 14052-14063
Photoinduced Surface Potential Change of Bacteriorhodopsin Mutant D96N Measured by Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy I. Lee, E. Greenbaum, S. Budy, J. R. Hillebrecht, R. R. Birge, J. A. Stuart (2006) J. Phys. Chem. B. 110, 10982-10990
Directed Evolution of Proteins for Device Applications. J. F. Koscielecki, J. R. Hillebrecht, and R. R. Birge, (2006) Bionanotechnology vol. 4, D.E. Reisner, Ed., CRC Press
Structure, function, and wavelength selection in blue-absorbing proteorhodopsin. J. R. Hillebrecht, J. Galan, R. Rangarajan, L. Ramos, K. McCleary, D. E. Ward, J. A. Stuart and R. R. Birge (2006) Biochem. 45, 1579 – 1590
Rhodopsin and the First Step in Vision, R. R. Birge, in Encyclopedia Of Condensed Matter Physics, vol 5, Eds. G. Bassani, G. Liedl and P. Wyder, (2005) pp. 145-158, Academic Press
Optimization of protein-based volumetric optical memories and associative processors by using directed evolution. J. R. Hillebrecht, J. F. Koscielecki, K. J. Wise, D. L. Marcy, W. Tetley, R. Rangarajan, J. Sullivan, M. Brideau, M P. Krebs, J. A. Stuart, R. R. Birge (2005) Nanobiotech. 1, 141-152
Stereoisomers of carotenoids: spectroscopic properties of locked and unlocked cis-isomers of spheroidene. Z. D. Pendon, J. O. Sullivan, I. van der Hoef, J. Lugtenburg, A. Cua, D. F. Bocian, R. R. Birge and H. A. Frank (2005) Photosynth. Res. 86, 5-24
Structural control of the photodynamics of boron-dipyrrin complexes. H. L. Kee, C. Kirmaier, L. Yu, P. Thamyongkit, W. J. Youngblood, M. E. Calder, L. Ramos, B. C. Noll, D. F. Bocian, W. R. Scheidt, R. R. Birge, J. S. Lindsey, and D. Holten (2005) J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 20433-20443
Characterization and photochemistry of 13-desmethyl bacteriorhodopsin. N. B. Gillespie, L. Ren, L. Ramos, H. Daniell, D. Dews, K. A. Utzat, J. A. Stuart, C. H. Buck, and R. R. Birge (2005) J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 16142 -16152
Directed evolution of bacteriorhodopsin for device applications. J. R. Hillebrecht, K. J. Wise and R. R. Birge (2004) Meth. Enzym. 388, 333-347
Photoelectric response of polarization sensitive bacteriorhodopsin films. Q. Li, J. A. Stuart, R.R. Birge, J. Xu, A. Stickrath, P. Bhattacharya (2004) Biosens. Bioelect. 19, 869-874
Vertebrate ultraviolet visual pigments: protonation of the retinylidene Schiff base and a counterion switch during photoactivation. A. K. Kusnetzow, A. Dukkipati, K. R. Babu, L. Ramos, B. E. Knox, R. R. Birge (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 941-946
Biomolecular photonics based on bacteriorhodopsin. K. J. Wise and R. R. Birge, CRC Handbook Org. (2004) Photochem. Photobiol. (2nd Ed.) 135/1 – 135/20
Terahertz circular dichroism spectroscopy of biomolecules. J. Xu, J. Galan, G. Ramian, P. Savvidis, A. Scopatz, R. R. Birge, S. J. Allen and K. Plaxco (2004) Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 5268, 19-26
Spectroscopic properties of the main-form and high-salt peridinin-chlorophyll a proteins from Amphidinium carterae. R. P. Ilagan, S. Shima, A. Melkozernov, S. Lin, R. E. Blankenship, F. P. Sharples, R. G. Hiller, R. R. Birge and H. A. Frank (2004) Biochem. 43, 1478-1487
Humidity-dependent open-circit photovoltage from a bacteriorhodopsin/indium tin oxide bioelectronic heterostructure. S. Crittenden, S. Howell, R. Reifenberger, J. Hillebrecht and R.R. Birge (2003) Nanotech. 14, 562-565
Terahertz Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy: A Potential Approach to the In Situ Detection of Life's Metabolic and Genetic Machinery. J. Xu, G. J. Ramian, J. F. Galan, P. G. Savvidis, A. M. Scopatz, R. R. Birge, S. J. Allen and K. W. (2003) Plaxco. Astrobiol. 3, 489-504
A spectroscopic and computational study of the singlet and triplet excited states of synthetic beta-functionalized chlorins. C. Bruckner, J. R. McCarthy, J. W. Caniell, Z. D. Pendon, R. P. Ilagan, T. M. Francis, L. Ren, R. R. Birge and H. A. Frank. (2003) Chem. Phys. 294, 285-303
Two-photon and fluorescence spectroscopy and the effect of environment on the photochemical properties of peridinin in solution and in the peridinin-chlorophyll-protein from Amphidinium carterae. S. Shima, R. P. Ilagan, N. Gillespie, B. J. Sommer, R. G. Hiller, F. P. Sharples, H. A. Frank and R. R. Birge (2003) J. Phys. Chem. A 107, 8052-8066
Thermolysis of fluorinated cycloalkylidene fulgides yields a new class of photochromic compounds. M. N. Wolak, N. B. Gillespie, R. R. Birge and W. J. Lees (2003) Chem Commun (Camb). 8, 992-993
Protein flexibility and conformational state: a comparison of collective vibrational modes of wild-type and D96N bacteriorhodopsin. S. E. Whitmire, D. Wolpert, A. G. Markels, J. R. Hillebrecht, J. Galan and R. R. Birge (2003) Biophys. J. 85, 1269-1277
Direct measurement of the photoelectric response time of bacteriorhodopsin via electro-optic sampling. J. Xu, A. B. Stickrath, P. Bhattacharya, J. Nees, G. Varo, J. R. Hillebrecht, L. Ren and R. R. Birge (2003) Biophys J. 85, 1128-1134
Perspectives on the counterion switch-induced photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin. R. R. Birge and B. E. Knox (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 9105-9107
Biomolecular electronic device applications of bacteriorhodopsin. J. A. Stuart, D. L. Marcy, K. J. Wise and R. R. Birge, in Molecular Electronics: Biosensors and Biocomputers, L. Barsanti et al., eds. Kluwer Academic (2003) pp. 265-299
Tuning the optical properties of fluorinated indolylfulgimides. M. A. Wolak, C. J. Thomas, N. B. Gillespie, R. R. Birge and W. J. Lees (2003) J. Org. Chem. 68 319-26
Optical and thermal properties of photochromic fluorinated adamantylidene indolylfulgides. M. A. Wolak, N. B. Gillespie, C. J. Thomas, R. R. Birge and W. J. Lees (2002) J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 147, 39-44
Characterization of the branched-photocycle intermediates P and Q of bacteriorhodopsin. N. B. Gillespie, K. J. Wise, L. Ren, J. A. Stuart, D. L. Marcy, J. Hillebrecht, Q. Li, L. Ramos, K. Jordan, S. Fyvie and R. R. Birge (2002) J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 13352-13361
THz time domain spectroscopy of biomolecular conformational modes. A. Markelz, S. Whitmire, J. Hillebrecht and R. R. Birge (2002) Phys. Med. Biol. 47 3797-3805
Charge transfer in molecular conductors - oxidation or reduction? A. W. Ghosh, F. Zahid, S. Datta and R.R. Birge (2002) Chem. Phys. 281, 225-230
Phototransduction by vertebrate ultraviolet visual pigments: protonation of the retinylidene Schiff base following photobleaching. A. Dukkipati, A. Kusnetzow, K.R. Babu, L. Ramos, D. Singh, B.E. Knox and R.R. Birge (2002) Biochem. 41, 9842-9851
Optimization of bacteriorhodopsin for bioelectronic devices. K. J. Wise, N. B. Gillespie, J. A. Stuart, M. P. Krebs and R. R. Birge (2002) Trends Biotech. 20, 387-394
Structural Properties of a Series of Photochromic Fluorinated Indolylfulgides. M. A. Wolak, R. C. Finn, C. J. Thomas, R. P. Hammond, R. R. Birge, J. Zubieta, W. J. Lees, Acta Cryst. C, 58, o389-o393 (2002).
Structural studies of Metarhodopsin II, the activated form of the G-protein coupled receptor, rhodopsin. G. Choi, J. Landin, J. F. Galan, R. R. Birge, A. D. Albert, and P. L. Yeagle (2002) Biochem. 41, 7318-7324
Monolithically integrated bacteriorhodopsin GaAs field-effect transistor photoreceiver. P. Bhattacharya, J. Xu, G. Varo, D. L. Marcy and R. R. Birge (2002) Opt. Lett. 27, 839-841
Volumetic optical memory based on bacteriorhodopsin. J. A. Stuart, D. L. Marcy, K. J. Wise and R. R. Birge (2002) Synth. Met. 127, 3-15
Bacteriorhodopsin-based three-diemsional optical memory. J. A. Stuart, D. L. Marcy, K. J. Wise and R. R. Birge (2001) NATO Sci. Ser., Ser. I, 335, 30-43
Photonic and optoelectronic applications of bacteriorhodopsin. J. A. Stuart, D. L. Marcy and R. R. Birge (2001) NATO Sci. Ser., Ser. I, 335, 16-29
Serine 85 in transmembrane helix 2 of short-wavelength visual pigments interacts with the retinylidene Schiff base counterion. A. Dukkipati, B. W. Vought, D. Singh, R. R. Birge and B. E. Knox (2001) Biochem. 40, 15098-108
Regulation of phototransduction in short-wavelength cone visual pigments via the retinylidene Schiff base counterion. K. R. Babu, A. Dukkipati, R. R. Birge and B. E. Knox (2001) Biochem. 40, 13760-13766
Linear dichroism and the transition dipole moment orientation of the carotenoid in the LH2 antenna complex in membranes of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila strain 10050. P. M. Dolan, D. Miller, R. J. Cogdell, R. R. Birge and H. A. Frank (2001) J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 12134-12142
Molecular mechanism of spectral tuning in sensory rhodopsin II. L. Ren, C. H. Martin, K. J. Wise, N. B. Gillespie, J. Luecke, J. K. Lanyi, J. L. Spudich and R. R. Birge (2001) Biochem. 40, 13906-13914
Thermolysis of a Fluorinated Indolylfulgide Features a Novel 1,5-Indolyl Shift, M. A. Wolak, J. M. Sullivan, C. J. Thomas, R. C. Finn, R. R. Birge, W. J. Lees (2001) J. Org. Chem., 66, 4739-4741
Optical Properties of Photochromic Fluorinated Indolylfulgides, M. A. Wolak, N. R. Gillespie, C. J. Thomas, R. R. Birge, W. J. Lees, J. (2001) Photochem. Photobiol. A, 144, 83-91
Photoconduction in bacteriorhodopsin/GaAs heterostructures, J. Xu, P. Bhattacharya, D. L. Marcy, J. A. Stuart, and R. R. Birge (2001) Electron. Lett. 37, 648-649
The Photobleaching Sequence of a Short-Wavelength Visual Pigment, A. A. Kusnetzow, A. Dukkipati, K. R. Babu, D. Singh, B. W. Vought, B. E. Knox, and R. R. Birge (2001) Biochem. 40, 7832-7844
Improved Synthesis of Indolyl Fulgides, C. J. Thomas, M. A. Wolak, R. R. Birge, and Watson J. Lees (2001) J. Org. Chem. 66, 1914-1918
Conformation and orientation of the retinyl chromophore in rhodopsin: A critical evaluation of recent NMR data on the basis of theoretical calculations results in a minimum energy structure consistent with all experimental data. D. Singh, B. S. Hudson, C. Middleton, and R. R. Birge (2001) Biochem 40, 4201-4204
Theoretical studies on excited states of a phenolate anion in the environment of photoactive yellow protein. Z. He, C. H. Martin, R. R. Birge, and K. F. Freed (2000) J. Phys. Chem. A 104, 2939-2952
Characterization of the primary photointermediates of Drosophila rhodopsin. B. W. Vought, E. Salcedo, L. V. Chadwell, S. G. Britt, R. R. Birge, and B. E. Knox (2000) Biochem. 39, 14128-14137
Energetics of rhodopsin photobleaching: photocalorimetric studies of energy storage in the early and later intermediates. in Methods in Enzymology (eds. K. Palczewski), R.R. Birge and B.W. Vought (2000) vol. 315, Academic Press, New York, 143-163
1990 – 1999
Ligand Influences on Copper Cyanide Solid-State Architecture: Flattened and Fused “Slinky”, Corrugated Sheet, and Ribbon Motifs in the Coper-Cyanide-Triazolate-Organoamine Family. D. J. Chestnut, A. Kusnetzow, R.R. Birge and J. Zubieta (1999) Inorg. Chem. 38, 5484-5499
Biomolecular electronics: Protein-based associative processors and volumetric memories. R.R. Birge, N.B. Gillespie, E.W. Izaguirre, A. Kusnetzow, A.F. Lawrence, D. Singh, Q.W. Song, E. Schmidt, J.A. Stuart, S. Seetharaman and K.J. Wise (19990 J. Phys. Chem. B. 103, 10746-10766
Photochemistry of the primary event in short-wavelength visual opsins at low temperature. B.W. Vought, A. Dukkipatti, M. Max, B.E. Knox and R.R. Birge (1999) Biochem. 38, 11287-11297
Solid state coordination chemiostry of the copper halide- and pseudo-halide-organoamine system, Cu-X-[(bis-2,3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazine)] (X = Cl, Br, CM): Hydrothermal synthesis and strctural characterization. D. J. Chesnut, A. Kusnetzow, R. R. Birge and J. Zubieta (1999) Inorg. Chem. 38, 2663-2671
Molecular electronics and hybrid computers. B. W. Vought and R. R. Birge, Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (1999) 13, 477-490
The nature of the chromophore binding site of bacteriorhodopsin: The potential role of Arg-82 as a principal counterion, A. Kusnetzow, D.L. Singh, C.H. Martin, I. Barani and R.R. Birge (1999) Biophys. J. 76, 2370-2389
Bit-error sources in 3D optical memory: experiments and models. A. F. Lawrence, J. A. Stuart, D. L. Singh and R. R. Birge (1999) Proc. SPIE 3468, 258-268
The angular orientation of the retinyl chromophore of bacteriorhodopsin: reconciliation of 2H NMR and optical measurements. B.S. Hudson and R.R. Birge (1999) J. Phys. Chem. A 103, 2251-2256
The transition dipole orientation of linear polyenes: Semi-empirical models and extrapolation to the infinite chain limit, R.R. Birge, M.Z. Zgierski, L. Serrano-Andres and B.S. Hudson (1999) J. Phys. Chem. A 103, 2251-2256
Propagation of a Gaussian beam in a bacteriorhodopsin film. Q.W. Song, X.M. Wang, R.R. Birge, J.D. Downie, D. Timucin and C. Gary (1998) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 15, 1602-1609
Photochemistry in dried polymer films incorporating the deionized blue membrane form of bacteriorhodopsin. J.R. Tallent, J.A. Stuart, Q.W. Song, E.J. Schmidt, C.H. Martin and R.R. Birge (1998) Biophys. J. 75, 1619-1634
Design, synthesis and photodynamics of light-harvesting arrays comprised of a porphyrin and one, two or eight boron-dipyrrin accessory pigments. F. Li, S.I. Yang, Y. Ciringh, J. Seth, C.H. martin, D.L. Singh, D. Kim, R.R. Birge, D.F. Bocian, D. Holten and J.S. Lindsey (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 10001-10017
Quadratic electrooptic effects in bacteriorhodopsin. Measurement of y(-w;0,0,w) in dried gelatin thin films. M. Yamazaki, J. Goodisman and R. R. Birge (1998) J. Chem. Phys. 108, 5876-5887
Reparameterizing MNDO for excited state calculations using ab initio effective Hamiltonian theory: Application to the 2,4-pentadien-1-iminium cation. C.H. Martin and R.R. Birge (1998) J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 852-860
Addressing considerations of 3-D optical memories with photoabsorptive and refractive materials. Q W. Song, X. M. Wang, R. R. Birge, J. D. Downie, D. Timucin and C. Gary (1997) Opt. Mem. Neurarl Netw. 6, 297-303
Protein-based three-dimensional memories and associative processors. R.R. Birge, B. Parsons, Q.W. Song and J.R. Tallent, in Molecular Electronics (eds. M.A. Ratner and J. Jortner), Blackweel Science Ltd., Oxford (1997) pp. 439-471
Towards a Bacteriorhodopsin-Silicon Neuromorphic Photosensor. C. H. Martin, Z. P. Chen, and R. R. Birge, Proceedings of the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (eds. R.B. Altman, A.K. Dunker, L. Hunter and T.E. Klein), (1997) 268-279
Bioelectronics. R.R. Birge, 1997 Yearbook of Science & Technology McGraw-Hill, New York (1997) pp. 212-216.
Protein-based volumetric memory. J.A. Stuart, J.R. Tallent, E.H.L. Tan and R.R. Birge (1996) Proc. IEEE Nonvol. Mem. Tech. (INVMTC) 6, 45-51
Effective photochromic nonlinearity of dried blue-membrane bacteriorhodopsin films. J. Tallent, Q.W. Song, Z. Li, J. Stuart and R.R. Birge (1996) Opt. Lett. 17, 1339-1341
Biological photochrome bactertiorhodopsin film based photon transistor- applications study. G. Liqun, Z. Chunping, Z. Guangyin, L. Jia, C. Xiaobo, W. Yongmei, T. Mingrong, P. Jilun, Q.W. Song, B. Parsons and R.R. Birge (1996) Acta Scient. Naturalium Univ. Nankaiensis 29, 1-4 (in Chinese).
Biological photochrome bactertiorhodopsin film based photon transistor- model establishment. Z. Chunping, G. Liqun, C. Xiaobo, L. Jia, Z. Guangyin, W. Yongmei, T. Mingrong, P. Jilun, Q.W. Song, R.B. Gross and R.R. Birge, Acta. Sci. Naturalium Univ. Nankaiensis, 29, No. 1, 30-34 (1996) (in Chinese).
Bacteriorhodopsin based photonic logic gate and its application to gray level image subtraction. Gu, L. Q., C. P. Zhang, A. F. Niu, J. Li, G. Y. Zhang, Y. M. Wang, M. R. Tong, J. L. Pan, Q. W. Song, B. Parsons, and R. R. Birge (1996) Opt. Commun. 131, 25-30
Role of calcium in the proton pump of bacteriorhodopsin. Microwave evidence for a cation-gated mechanism. R.R. Birge, D.S.K. Govender, K.C. Izgi and E.H.L. Tan (1996) J. Phys. Chem. A 100, 9990-10004
Correlation between surfactant/micelle structure and the stability of bacteriorhodopsin in solution. E.H.L. Tan and R.R. Birge (1996) Biophys. J. 70, 2385-2395
Large Organic Cations can Replace Mg2+ and Ca2+ Ions in Bacteriorhodopsin and Maintain Proton Pumping Ability, E. H. L. Tan and R. R. Birge (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 2752-2753
Characterization of the primary photochemical events in bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin. J. A. Stuart and R.R. Birge (1996) Biomem. 2A, 33-139
Advances in protein-based three-dimensional optical memories. Z. Chen, D. Govender, R. Gross and R. Birge, (1995) BioSys. 35, 145-151
Real-time holographic imaging with a bacteriorhodopsin film. Y.H. Zhang, Q. W. Song, C. Tseronic and R.R. Birge (1995) Opt. Lett. 20, 2429-2431
Modified critical angle method for measuring the refractive index of bio-optical materials and its application to bacteriorhodopsin. Q.W. Song, C.Y. Ku, C. Zhang, R.B. Gross, R.R. Birge and R. Michalak (1995) J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B. 12, 797-803
Biomolecular photonics based on bacteriorhodopsin. R.R. Birge and R.B. Gross, in CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, W.M. Horspool and P-S Song, eds. (CRC Press, New York, 1995), pp. 1568-1586.
On the molecular origins of thermal noise in vertebrate and invertebrate photoreceptors. R.R. Birge and R.B. Barlow (1995) Biophys. Chem. 55, 115-126
The active site of bacteriorhodopsin. Two-photon spectroscopic evidence for a positively charged chromophore binding site mediated by calcium. J.A. Stuart, B.W. Vought, C.F. Zhang and R.R. Birge (1995) Biospec. 1, 9-28
Determination of the thermal expansion and thermo-optical coefficients of a bacteriorhodospin film. Q.W. Song, C. Zhang, C.Y. Ku, M.C. Huang, R.B. Gross and R.R. Birge (1995) Opt. Commun. 115, 471-474
Protein-based computers. R.R. Birge (1995) Sci. Amer. 272, 90-95
Biomolecular optoelectronics. R.R. Birge and R.B. Gross, in Introduction to Molecular Electronics, M.C. Petty, M.R. Bryce and D. Bloor, eds, Edward Arnold, Kent, UK (1995) pp. 315-344
Bioelectronics, three-dimensional memories and hybrid computers, R.R. Birge, D.S.K. Govender, R.B. Gross, A.F. Lawrence, J.A. Stuart, J.R. Tallent, E.H.L. Tan and B.W. Vought (1994) Proc. IEEE IEDM 94, 3-6
The intensity-dependent refractive index of chemically enhanced bacteriorhodopsin, Q.W. Song, C. Zhang, R.B. Gross and R.R. Birge (1994) Opt. Commun. 112, 296-301
Bacteriorhodopsin. R.R. Birge in Encyclopedia of Advanced Materials, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.(1994) pp. 199-204
Determination of the refractive index of a bacteriorhodopsin film. C. Zhang, Q.W. Song, C.Y. Ku, R.B. Gross and R.R. Birge (1994) Opt. Lett. 19, 1406-1411
Bacteriorhodopsin, a nonlinear proton pump. R.R. Birge (1994) Nature 371, 659-660
Observation and analysis of self-diffraction in bacteriorhodopsin films. R.B. Gross, Z. Chen and R.R. Birge (1994) Proc. Mat. Res. Soc. 330, 251-256
Fundamentals of reliability calculations for molecular devices and photochromic memories. A.F. Lawrence and R.R. Birge (1994) Adv. Chem. 240, 131-160
Introduction to molecular and biomolecular electronics. R.R. Birge (1994) Adv. Chem. 240, 1-14
Three-Dimensional Optical Memories. R.R. Birge (1994) Amer. Sci. 82, 349-355
Chemically enhanced bacteriorhodopsin thin film spatial light modulator, Q.W. Song, C. Zhang, R. Blumer, R.B. Gross, Z. Chen and R.R. Birge (1993) Proc. SPIE 2051, 77-82
On the molecular origin of photoreceptor noise. R.B. Barlow, R.R. Birge, E. Kaplan and J.R. Tallent (1993) Nature 366, 64-66
Chemically enhanced bacteriorhodopsin thin-film spatial light modulator. Q.W. Song, C. Zhang, R. Blumer, R.B. Gross, Z.P. Chen and R.R. Birge (1993) Opt. Lett. 18, 1373-1375
Protein based artificial retinas. Z.P. Chen and R.R. Birge (1993) Trends Biotech. 11, 292-300
Optical limiting by chemically enhanced bacteriorhodopsin films. Q.W. Song, C. Zhang, R. Gross and R.R. Birge (1993) Opt. Lett. 18, 775-777
The unusual pKa of the rhodopsin chromophore. Is this how nature minimizes photoreceptor noise? R.R. Birge (1993) Biophys. J. 64, 1371-1372
The potential application of optical phased arrays in two-photon three-dimensional optical memories. A.F. Lawrence and R.R. Birge (1992) Proc. SPIE 1773, 401-412
Molecular Electronics, in Nanotechnology, Research and Perspectives, R.R. Birge (B.C. Crandall and James Lewis, eds.), MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1992) pp. 149-170
On the Molecular Origins of Thermal Noise in Vertebrate and Invertebrate Photoreceptors. R.R. Birge, R.B. Barlow Jr. and J.R. Tallent, in “Structures and Functions of Retinal Proteins”, Ed. J.L Rigaud, Col. INSERM (1992) 221, 283-286
Conformational energetics and excited state level ordering in 11-cis retinal. J.R. Tallent, J.R. Birge, C.F. Zhang, E. Wenderholm and R.R. Birge (1992) Photochem. Photobiol. 56, 935-952
Protein based optical computing and optical memories, R.R. Birge (1992) IEEE Computer 25, 56-67
Nonlinear optical properties of bacteriorhodopsin and protein based two-photon three-dimensional memories. R.R. Birge, R.B. Gross, M.B. Masthay, J.A. Stuart, J.R. Tallent & C.F. Zhang. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sec. B. Nonlin. Opt. 3, 133-147
Theoretical analysis of third-order polarizability enhancement of disubstituted diphenyl polyenes via oxidative doping. J. R. Tallent, R.R. Birge, C.W. Spangler and K.O. Havelka (1992) Am. Inst. Phys. Conf. Proc. 262, 191-203
Molecular dynamics of the primary photochemical event in rhodopsin. J.R. Tallent, E.Q. Hyde, L.A. Findsen, G.C. Fox & R.R. Birge (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 1581-1592
Holographic thin films, spatial light modulators and optical associative memories based on bacteriorhodopsin, R.B. Gross, K.C. Izgi & R.R. Birge (1992) Proc. SPIE 1662, 186-196
Quantum Effects, Thermal Statistics and Reliability of Nanoscale Molecular and Semiconductor Devices. R.R. Birge, A.F. Lawrence and J.R. Tallent (1991) Nanotech. 2, 73-87
Revised Assignment of Energy Storage in the Primary Photochemical Event in Bacteriorhodopsin. R.R. Birge, T.M. Cooper, A.F. Lawrence, M.B. Masthay, C.F. Zhang and R. Zidovetzki (1991) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 4327-4328
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bacteriorhodopsin: Assignment of the Third-Order Polarizability Based on Two-Photon Absorption Spectroscopy. R.R. Birge, M.B. Masthay, J.A. Stuart, J.R. Tallent and C.F. Zhang, in Biomolecular Spectroscopy, R.R. Birge and L.A. Nafie, eds. (1991) Proc. SPIE 1432, 129-140
Wavelength Dependence of the Photorefractive and Photodiffractive Properties of Holographic Thin Films Based on Bacteriorhodopsin. R. R. Birge, K. C. Izgi, J. A. Stuart and J.A. Tallent (1991) Proc. Mat. Res. Soc. 218, 131-140
Structural and Electrostatic Studies of Benzodiazepine Receptor Ligands, P. W. Codding, A. W. Roszak, M. B. Szkaradzinska, P. A. Fleitz and R. R. Birge (1990) Frontiers Drug Res. 28, 78-90
Photophysics and Molecular Electronic Applications of the Rhodopsins, R.R. Birge (1990) Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 41, 683-733
Two-Photon Spectroscopy of Light-Adapted Bacteriorhodopsin. R.R. Birge and C.F. Zhang J. (1990) Chem. Phys. 92, 7178-7195
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bacteriorhodopsin. Assignment of Second Order Hyperpolarizabilities of Randomly Oriented Systems by using Two-Photon Spectroscopy. R.R. Birge, P. A. Fleitz, A. F. Lawrence, M. A. Masthay and C. F. Zhang (1990) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 189, 107-122
The Nature of the Primary Photochemical Events in Rhodopsin and Bacteriorhodopsin, R.R. Birge (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1016, 293-327